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| RER 10.16.12 |
Pumpkins, are giant (well sometimes giant) fruits, coming
from the species cucurbits, and have their origins in Central America and Mexico.[1]
As a member of this cucurbit family, pumpkins are gourds. Some of their plant
relatives are cantaloupe, cucumbers, honeydew melons, watermelons and zucchini.[2]
The name of this large squash fruit, comes from the Greek
word “pepon,” meaning large melon. This Greek word was then transformed and
nasalized by the French, creating the word “pompon,”[3]
after their discovery in the New World in 1584 by the French explorer John
Cartier. This name was then translated into the English language as “pompions”
and since then has evolved into what we have come to say, “pumpkin.”[4]
This giant fruit/gourd, indigenous to the western
hemisphere, has been growing in North America for more than five thousand years
now. But the cultivation of this orange fall fruit has spread to six
continents.[5] The only continent that cannot support
pumpkin life would be Antarctica, but even the very cold Alaska can grow
pumpkins.[6]
Out of all the pumpkin production in the United States,
Illinois harvests the most fruit, nearly 12,300 acres.[7]
And according to University of Illinois Extension, between 90 and 95% of
processed pumpkins in the USA are grown in Illinois. That is HUGE! (speaking of
huge, the largest pumpkin ever, noted, was brought to a fair in Massachusetts
in September of this year, weighing in at about 2000 pounds –over a ton![8]).
Other than Illinois, the top pumpkin producing states are California, Ohio and
Pennsylvania.[9]
Pumpkin is one of those warm- season vegetables, so it is a
tender and petulant plant. They are really temperamental, because the seeds do
not germinate well in cold soil and they are damaged by frost, but if the
pumpkins are planted too early, there is no way the large fruit would make it
all the way to Halloween (which is its life goal, duh).[10] The petulant pumpkin seeds should in
fact be planted between the last week of May and mid June. According to
History.com, the pumpkin plant takes between 90 and 120 days to grow, and
should be picked when they are a bright orange color, which in October (which
is what the pumpkin growers hope for),[11]
and about 80% of all pumpkin supply in the United States is available during
this month.
Pumpkins like most every fruit, comes in a large array of
varieties; in taste, look, color and size. The fruits can range from intense
orange red all the way to yellow, and back again. The different shapes and
colors are the tell tale way of discerning the specific variety of pumpkin you
are looking at, like the Cinderella pumpkin (the basis of the carriage for a
famous Disney princess…guess who), or the Hybrid Autumn Gold, or even the
Standard Orange.[12]
These gourds are mostly made up of water, about 90%,[13]
which make them a very water loving plant, similar to their relatives (ahem… watermelon). Pumpkins are also pretty
nutritious, though, unlike the plantain or apples even, pumpkins
are not currently considered a food staple. This might have to do with their
very limited growth season. About one cup of cooked pumpkin flesh is about 49 calories (without salt), 2 grams of
protein, about 3 grams of fiber, and 12 grams of carbohydrates.[14]
This amount of pumpkin has the same number of grams of fiber of a small apple.
Pumpkin seeds are also a good source of copper, magnesium, protein and zinc.[15]
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| RER 10.16.12 |
What oh what can we do with pumpkins?
Is that a trick
question? Because there are like a zillion uses for pumpkins, inside and out…
As another one of those fall staples, pumpkin finds itself
in million different recipes and uses that all (well almost all) scream out
autumn. Pumpkins feed people as well as some livestock on farms.[16]
The seeds can be scraped and separated from the pulp, and
roasted (and salted) for an excellent snack. The seeds once a little roasty in
the oven are very meaty, and earthy at the same time. They are very large and
make excellent salad toppers, or snacks to crunch on. I can remember in
childhood, after slaving away at carving a pumpkin either at school or at home,
we would toast the seeds, salt them and eat them while they were still warm.
Fond fall memories.
The inner meat of the pumpkin is an ingredient in a large variety
of food stuffs. A main and memorable thing would be pumpkin pie. Orange, wet,
pulpy meat is the foundation to
the filling of this fall time favorite, a star of the Thanksgiving dinner, or
a great autumn treat. Along with the inside of the pumpkins are the soothing
spices that smell of fall and a sense of cozy tostiness. Though, in the early
colonial era, pumpkins were still a main component of pie, only they were used
as an ingredient in the crust![17]
The origins of pumpkin pie also probably came from the colonial times, when the
colonists would slice off the top of the fruit, remove the many seeds, and fill
the interior with honey, milk and various spices. This pumpkin vessel would be
baked on hot ashes, and consumed as a sweet dish.[18]
The colonists were not the only ones back in the day that
revered the massive vine fruit, but the Native Americans had several uses for
the pumpkin, both nutritional and medicinal. Though it was the Native Americans
that first introduced the multipurpose pumpkin to the pilgrims (I know I keep
envisioning one of the first Thanksgivings, Native Americans and colonists
alike, swarming around a cornucopia of pumpkins, turkey and corn…active
imagination, I know).[19]
Through the Native American farmers’ use of sustainable
agriculture, the pumpkin squash was cultivated and used as a food source, as
well as other items throughout their culture. They roasted pumpkin strips over
fire sources as food, but they also flattened similar pieces, dried them and
made them into mats. [20]
The Native Americans also used the flesh of the pumpkin in a large variety of
ways, from boiled to baked, to dried or roasted. Dried pumpkin would be ground
into a kind of flour, which also had many uses. They also used the hollowed out
gourd as bowls once dried, and the seeds had medicinal value to the Native
Americans.[21]
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| RER 10.16.12 |
Oh dear, but I digress (kinda).
The popularity of pumpkin pie and what seems like the
relative difficulty of acquiring the fleshy meat of the fruit (though I have
not tried it in ages, this year might be the year for me), has generated canned
pumpkin filling, as well as canned pumpkin.
These two advents are used also in a whole host of things. I
remember when I was really young (like second grade) I had a cooking class as
an afterschool activity and we made pumpkin pudding. I was so obsessed and
proud of how well I made it, that my parents indulged me and let me make it as
dessert for a few Thanksgivings running. It was super easy, but also super
delicious, and relied on canned pumpkin. Check out this really easy recipe or this mildly more difficult one.
Guess which I made…
Another fall time favorite of my family involving a super
large can of pumpkin, would be the warm pumpkin soup. Now, I will be honest, I
am not a soup lady, mostly because I do not find them too filling and I just
do not see the comfort that people generally get out of them. But this pumpkin
soup grew on me. How could it not?
Finished off with a swirl of cream, and garnished with a dollop of sour
cream and chives. Yum. Now that is fall. This soup is heavy, sweet and savory
all at the same time, spicy and substantial enough to almost call a meal. This
recipe is the
closest I could find to the one my mother uses when she whips up this fall
dish.
Popular fall flavors often
include pumpkin, whether it is that spiced pumpkin latte people are going crazy
for (literally... check out refinery29’s article on the matter),
or pumpkin doughnuts that are clogging dunkin donuts. Or even the pumpkin
muffins, cakes, cheesecakes, pumpkin scones that make an appearances during
this time of the year. I must admit, pumpkin is a great fall flavor, and can
replace and be an addition to most any baked favorite. Though pumpkins can be
sweet, they do have an earthiness to them that creates a savory balance (and
maybe less guilt, on my part) to many baked goods.
Pumpkin, in its crazy popularity
has recently brought up the question, “Is pumpkin the new bacon?” New York
Times Magazine explores this in a piece from earlier this week. Check out the
article.
This year is apparently the one of the most active for the pumpkin on seasonal
menus, in foods, desserts and drinks. The connotations that surround pumpkins,
their organic and farm grown characteristics, perhaps have driven their appeal
this year. Though what may have pumpkin in the title, might not actually have
pumpkin in it, but all the spices and accessories to make pumpkin that
delicious familiar taste we are used to.[22]
Not only do we cook with it and
eat it…. We carve and decorate with it. The pumpkin has made its way into the
popular culture of Halloween, through older traditions brought to America from
Europeans. Back in Scotland and Ireland, turnips and other root vegetables
served as Jack O’ Lanterns to frighten away evil spirits (check out this website to learn more).
Immigrants from England and these countries found that pumpkins were perfect canvases
to create the terrifying faces of Jack O’ Lanterns, and abandoned previous food
stuffs.[23]
And now there is no escape from
the Halloween season, which seems to last from late August (when Ricky’s and Spirit
pop ups, pop up) to middle November (when Target, Walgreen’s, CVS and the likes
run out of discounted candy and decorations), which inflates the pumpkin to its
current fall glory!
Don't forget to check out my sources page for more on pumpkins and spooky Halloween facts (well not really that spooky).
RER
10.17.12
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| RER 10.16.12 |
[1] Illinois University
Extension “Pumpkin Facts”
[2] History.com “Pumpkin Facts”
[3] Illinois University
Extension “Pumpkin History”
[4] History.com “Pumpkin Facts”
[5] History.com “Pumpkin Facts”
[6] www.pumpkin-patch.com “Unusual Pumpkin Facts”
[7] Pumpkinmasters.com
“Halloween Facts”
[8] www.pumpkinnook.com
[9] Illinois University
Extension “Pumpkin Facts”
[10] Illinois University
Extension “Growing Pumpkins”
[11] History.com “Pumpkin Facts”
[12] Illinois University
Extension “Varieties”
[13] Illinois University
Extension “Pumpkin Facts”
[14] Allaboutpumpkins.com
“Pumpkin Facts and Information”
[15] Wikipedia.org “Pumpkin”
[16] kids-learn.org “Cool Facts
About Pumpkins”
[17] Illinois University
Extension “Pumpkin Facts”
[18] Illinois University
Extension “Pumpkin Facts”
[19] Allaboutpumpkins.com
“Pumpkin History”
[20] Illinois University
Extension “Pumpkin Facts”
[21] Allaboutpumpkins.com
“Pumpkin History”
[22] Felix Salmon "Pumpkin
Is the New Bacon." NYMag.com.
[23] History.com “History of the
Jack O’ Lantern ”
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food for thought...